Knowing how to use an automated external defibrillator could mean the difference between life and death.

Here are some questions and answers about the devices, which experts say can dramatically increase the chances of survival for someone suffering from sudden cardiac arrest.

Q. What is an automated external defibrillator?

A. Often called an AED, it’s a device about the size of a laptop computer that analyzes the heart’s rhythm for any abnormalities and, if necessary, directs a rescuer to deliver an electrical shock to the victim. This shock, called defibrillation, may help the heart to re-establish an effective rhythm of its own.

Q. Why are they used?

A. To help people suffering from sudden cardiac arrest. Cases usually are caused by abnormal heart rhythms called arrhythmias, the vast majority of which are instances of ventricular fibrillation. That’s a condition in which the heart’s electrical impulses suddenly become chaotic, causing the heart to stop pumping blood effectively. Victims collapse and quickly lose consciousness, often without warning. Unless a normal heart rhythm is restored, death will follow within minutes.

Q. How does an AED work?

A. The machine uses voice prompts to instruct a rescuer. After the device is turned on, the rescuer will be prompted to apply two electrodes provided to the victim’s chest. The device will then monitor the victim’s heart rhythm. If it detects a “shockable” rhythm, the machine will charge itself and instruct the rescuer to stand clear of the victim and to press the shock button.

Q. Who can use an automated defibrillator? If I do, can I be sued?

A. In most cases, police officers, paramedics and firefighters are required to know how to use an AED. Additionally, all 50 states have Good Samaritan provisions that help legally protect laypersons who use an automated defibrillator. In Illinois, only “willful or wanton misconduct” isn’t covered.

Q. Where can I find automated defibrillators?

A. They’re in corporate offices, shopping malls, airports, sports stadiums, schools, community centers and other places where large groups of people gather.

Q. What does the new Illinois law require?

A. Starting July 1, most private and public health clubs, school gymnasiums, indoor park district facilities and indoor municipally owned fitness facilities in Illinois must have at least one defibrillator installed. More automated defibrillators must be installed in such locations over the next few years and beyond.

Courtesy of the Daily Herald.